Aniline is the simplest aromatic amine, benzene molecule in a hydrogen atom for the amino group of compounds generated, colorless oil flammable liquid, strong smell. The melting point is -6.3℃, the boiling point is 184℃, the relative density is 1.0217(20/4℃), the refractive index is 1.5863, the flash point (open cup) is 70℃, the spontaneous combustion point is 770℃, the decomposition is heated to 370℃, slightly soluble in water, easily soluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform and other organic solvents. Turns brown Chemicalbook color when exposed to air or sunlight. Available steam distillation, distillation to add a small amount of zinc powder to prevent oxidation. 10 ~ 15ppm NaBH4 can be added to the purified aniline to prevent oxidation deterioration. Aniline solution is basic, and acid is easy to form salt. The hydrogen atom on its amino group can be replaced by a hydrocarbon or acyl group to form secondary or tertiary anilines and acyl anilines. When the substitution reaction is carried out, the adjacent and para-substituted products are mainly formed. Reaction with nitrite yields diazo salts from which a series of benzene derivatives and azo compounds can be made.
CAS: 62-53-3